How To Convert a String to a datetime Object in Python
Introduction
The Python datetime and time modules both include a strptime() class method to convert strings to objects.
In this article, you’ll use strptime() to convert strings into datetime and struct_time() objects.
The syntax for the datetime.strptime() method is:
datetime.strptime(date_string, format)
The datetime.strptime() method returns a datetime object that matches the date_string parsed by the format. Both arguments are required and must be strings.
For details about the format directives used in datetime.strptime(), refer to the strftime() and strptime() Format Codes in the Python documentation.
Convert String to datetime.datetime() Object Example
The following example converts a date and time string into a datetime.datetime() object, and prints the class name and value of the resulting object:
from datetime import datetime datetime_str = ’09/19/22 13:55:26′ datetime_object = datetime.strptime(datetime_str, ‘%m/%d/%y %H:%M:%S’) print(type(datetime_object)) print(datetime_object)
The output is:
2022-09-19 13:55:26
You can also refer this tutorial on using str() and repr() functions in python.
Convert String to datetime.date() Object Example
The following example converts a date string into a datetime.date() object, and prints the class type and value of the resulting object:
from datetime import datetime date_str = ’09-19-2022′ date_object = datetime.strptime(date_str, ‘%m-%d-%Y’).date() print(type(date_object)) print(date_object)
The output is:
2022-09-19
Convert String to datetime.time() Object Example
The following example converts a time string into a datetime.time() object, and prints the class type and value of the resulting object:
from datetime import datetime time_str = ’13::55::26′ time_object = datetime.strptime(time_str, ‘%H::%M::%S’).time() print(type(time_object)) print(time_object)
The output is:
13:55:26
Convert String to datetime.datetime() Object with Locale Example
The following example converts a German locale date string into a datetime.datetime() object, and prints the class type and value of the resulting object:
from datetime import datetime import locale locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, ‘de_DE’) date_str_de_DE = ’16-Dezember-2022 Freitag’ datetime_object = datetime.strptime(date_str_de_DE, ‘%d-%B-%Y %A’) print(type(datetime_object)) print(datetime_object)
The output is:
2022-12-16 00:00:00
Note that the resulting object doesn’t include the weekday name from the input string because a datetime.datetime() object includes the weekday only as a decimal number.
The syntax for the time.strptime() method is:
time.strptime(time_string[, format])
The time.strptime() method returns a time.struct_time() object that matches the time_string parsed by the format. The time_string is required and both arguments must be strings. If format is not provided, the default is:
‘%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y’
This corresponds to the format returned by the ctime() function.
The format directives are the same for time.strptime() and time.strftime(). Learn more about the format directives for the time module in the Python documentation.
Convert String to struct_time() Object With Format Provided Example
The following example converts a time string into a time.struct_time() object by providing the format argument, and prints the value of the resulting object:
import time time_str = ’11::33::54′ time_obj = time.strptime(time_str, ‘%H::%M::%S’) print(“A time.struct_time object that uses the format provided:”) print(time_obj)
The output is:
A time.struct_time object that uses the format provided: time.struct_time(tm_year=1900, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=11, tm_min=33, tm_sec=54, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=-1)
As shown in the output, when you convert a string into a time.struct_time() object, the strptime() method uses placeholder values for any format directives that aren’t defined in the format argument.
Convert String to struct_time() Object Using Default Format Example
If you don’t provide a format argument when you convert a time string into a time.struct_time() object, then the default format is used and an error occurs if the input string does not exactly match the default format of:
‘%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y’
The following example converts a time string into a time.struct_time() object with no format argument provided, and prints the value of the resulting object:
import time time_str_default = ‘Mon Dec 12 14:55:02 2022’ time_obj_default = time.strptime(time_str_default) print(“A time.struct_time object that uses the default format:”) print(time_obj_default)
The output is:
A time.struct_time object that uses the default format: time.struct_time(tm_year=2022, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=14, tm_min=55, tm_sec=2, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=346, tm_isdst=-1)
As shown in the output, when you convert a string into a time.struct_time() object, the strptime() method uses placeholder values for any format directives that aren’t defined in the format argument or by the default format if no format is provided.
If the input string can’t be parsed by strptime() using the provided format, then a ValueError is raised. You can use the try block to test for parsing errors, along with the except block to print the results. The ValueError messages that you get when you use the strptime() method clearly explain the root causes of the parsing errors. The following example demonstrates some common errors, such as extra data and a format mismatch:
from datetime import datetime import time datetime_str = ’09/19/18 13:55:26′ try: datetime_object = datetime.strptime(datetime_str, ‘%m/%d/%y’) except ValueError as ve1: print(‘ValueError 1:’, ve1) time_str = ’99::55::26′ try: time_object = time.strptime(time_str, ‘%H::%M::%S’) except ValueError as ve2: print(‘ValueError 2:’, ve2)
The output is:
ValueError 1: unconverted data remains: 13:55:26 ValueError 2: time data ’99::55::26′ does not match format ‘%H::%M::%S’
In this tutorial, you converted date and time strings into datetime and time objects using Python. Continue your learning with more Python tutorials.
1. How to convert Python date string mm dd yyyy to datetime?
To convert a date string in the mm dd yyyy format to a datetime object in Python, you can use the datetime.strptime method from the datetime module:
from datetime import datetime date_string = “12 25 2024” date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, “%m %d %Y”) print(date_object)
The Output is:
2024-12-25 00:00:00
2. How to convert a string to date in mm dd yyyy format?
You can parse the string into a datetime object and then extract just the date:
from datetime import datetime date_string = “12 25 2024” date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, “%m %d %Y”).date() print(date_object)
The output is:
12 25 2024
3. How to convert a string to yyyy-mm-dd format in Python?
First, parse the string into a datetime object and then format it into the desired yyyy-mm-dd string format:
from datetime import datetime date_string = “12 25 2024” date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, “%m %d %Y”) formatted_date = date_object.strftime(“%Y-%m-%d”) print(formatted_date)
The output is:
2024-12-25
4. How to convert datetime to dd, mm, yyyy format in Python?
You can use the strftime method to format a datetime object into a specific string format:
from datetime import datetime date_object = datetime(2024, 12, 25) formatted_date = date_object.strftime(“%d, %m, %Y”) print(formatted_date)
The output is :
25, 12, 2024
5. How to convert a string to datetime in Python?
The datetime.strptime method can be used to parse a string into a datetime object. For example:
from datetime import datetime date_string = “2024-12-25” date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, “%Y-%m-%d”) print(date_object)
The output is:
2024-12-25 00:00:00
6. What is the regular expression for date format mm dd yyyy in Python?
A regular expression to match a date string in the mm dd yyyy format could look like this:
import re regex = r”^(0[1-9]|1[0-2]) ([0-2][0-9]|3[01]) (d{4})$” date_string = “12 25 2024” if re.match(regex, date_string): print(“Valid date format”) else: print(“Invalid date format”)
This regex ensures:
- mm ranges from 01 to 12 (month).
- dd ranges from 01 to 31 (day).
- yyyy is a four-digit year.
